Switch to bleak for reliable BLE scanning with RSSI
- Replace hcitool-based BT scanning with bleak Python library - Bleak provides reliable RSSI values via D-Bus/BlueZ - BLE scan now finds devices that hcitool missed - Update project docs to reflect resolved BT RSSI blocker - Add bleak>=0.21.0 to dependencies Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ Understanding the RF environment around you is useful for:
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┌─────────────────────────┴───────────────────────────────────┐
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│ System Tools │
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│ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ │
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│ │ iw │ │ hcitool │ │bluetoothctl│ │
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│ │ (WiFi) │ │ (BT) │ │ (BLE) │ │
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│ │ iw │ │ bleak │ │ SQLite │ │
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│ │ (WiFi) │ │ (BLE) │ │(History) │ │
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│ └──────────┘ └──────────┘ └──────────┘ │
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└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ Understanding the RF environment around you is useful for:
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- Flask - Web framework
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- PyYAML - Configuration
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- dataclasses - Data structures
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- bleak - BLE scanning with RSSI
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### Frontend
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- Leaflet.js - 2D maps
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@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
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- [x] Live BT tracking mode
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- [x] Moving device detection (purple markers)
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- [x] Filter-aware scanning (WiFi/BT toggle)
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- [ ] Reliable RSSI acquisition for movement tracking
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- [x] Reliable RSSI acquisition for movement tracking (bleak)
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- [ ] Position smoothing/averaging
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- [ ] Device trails/history visualization
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24
TASKS.md
24
TASKS.md
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
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| Status | Task | Notes |
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|--------|------|-------|
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| [-] | Fix Bluetooth RSSI acquisition | `hcitool rssi` only works for connected devices; `bluetoothctl` doesn't expose RSSI for cached devices |
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| [x] | Fix Bluetooth RSSI acquisition | Switched to `bleak` Python library for reliable BLE scanning with RSSI |
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---
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@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
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| [x] | Live BT tracking mode | 4-second scan interval |
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| [x] | Moving device detection | Purple markers for RSSI changes |
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| [x] | Filter-aware scanning | Skip WiFi/BT based on toggle |
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| [~] | Improve BT discovery reliability | Try alternative scanning methods |
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| [x] | Improve BT discovery reliability | Using bleak library for BLE scanning |
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| [ ] | Document API endpoints | docs/API.md |
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| [ ] | Create CHEATSHEET.md | Quick reference guide |
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@@ -78,28 +78,28 @@
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| Live tracking button | 2026-01-31 |
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| Purple moving indicators | 2026-01-31 |
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| Smart scanning (filter-aware) | 2026-01-31 |
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| SQLite historical database | 2026-02-01 |
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| Bleak BLE scanning (reliable RSSI) | 2026-02-01 |
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| Auto-start live BT tracking | 2026-02-01 |
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---
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## Blockers
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### BT RSSI Acquisition
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*No current blockers*
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### ~~BT RSSI Acquisition~~ (RESOLVED)
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**Problem:** Cannot get reliable RSSI values for Bluetooth devices
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- `hcitool rssi <addr>` - Only works for connected devices
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- `bluetoothctl info` - No RSSI for cached devices
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- `btmgmt find` - Not providing output
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- BLE scan (`hcitool lescan`) - I/O errors on this adapter
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**Potential Solutions:**
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1. Use D-Bus BlueZ API directly (needs dbus-python)
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2. Keep devices paired/connected for RSSI polling
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3. Focus on WiFi-based tracking instead
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4. Use dedicated BLE beacon hardware
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**Solution:** Switched to `bleak` Python BLE library which provides reliable RSSI via D-Bus/BlueZ.
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---
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## Notes
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- Bluetooth scanning is unreliable on Raspberry Pi 5 with built-in adapter
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- BLE scanning now uses `bleak` Python library (reliable RSSI via D-Bus)
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- WiFi scanning works well with `iw` command
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- Consider external USB Bluetooth adapter for better BLE support
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- Live BT tracking auto-starts on page load (3-second scan interval)
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- Historical data stored in SQLite database with auto-cleanup
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1
TODO.md
1
TODO.md
@@ -214,6 +214,7 @@
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- [x] Device labeling and favorites
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- [x] New device alerts
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- [x] Automatic data retention/cleanup
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- [x] Reliable BLE scanning with bleak library
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---
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@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ classifiers = [
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dependencies = [
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"flask>=3.0.0",
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"pyyaml>=6.0",
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"bleak>=0.21.0",
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]
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[project.optional-dependencies]
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@@ -814,61 +814,32 @@ def create_app(config: Config | None = None) -> Flask:
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@app.route("/api/scan/bt", methods=["POST"])
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def api_scan_bt():
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"""Quick Bluetooth-only scan for real-time tracking using hcitool"""
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import subprocess
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import re
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"""Quick Bluetooth-only scan for real-time tracking using bleak (BLE)"""
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import asyncio
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from bleak import BleakScanner
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bt = []
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try:
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# Use hcitool inq for classic BT (more reliable)
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result = subprocess.run(
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['sudo', 'hcitool', 'inq', '--flush'],
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capture_output=True,
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text=True,
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timeout=12
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)
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for line in result.stdout.split('\n'):
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# Parse: " E0:03:6B:FE:24:A1 clock offset: 0x15c7 class: 0x08043c"
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m = re.match(r'\s*([0-9A-Fa-f:]+)\s+clock offset.*class:\s*0x([0-9A-Fa-f]+)', line)
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if m:
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addr = m.group(1)
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device_class = m.group(2)
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# Get device name
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name = '<unknown>'
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try:
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name_result = subprocess.run(
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['sudo', 'hcitool', 'name', addr],
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capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=5
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)
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if name_result.stdout.strip():
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name = name_result.stdout.strip()
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except:
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pass
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# Get RSSI (only works if device is connectable)
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rssi = -70 # Default
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try:
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rssi_result = subprocess.run(
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['sudo', 'hcitool', 'rssi', addr],
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capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=3
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)
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rssi_match = re.search(r'RSSI return value:\s*(-?\d+)', rssi_result.stdout)
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if rssi_match:
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rssi = int(rssi_match.group(1))
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except:
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pass
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bt.append({
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async def do_scan():
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devices = await BleakScanner.discover(timeout=3.0, return_adv=True)
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results = []
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for addr, (device, adv) in devices.items():
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rssi = adv.rssi if adv else -70
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name = device.name or '<unknown>'
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results.append({
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'address': addr,
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'name': name,
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'rssi': rssi,
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'device_class': device_class
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'device_class': 'BLE'
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})
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return results
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# Run async scan in sync context
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bt = asyncio.run(do_scan())
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print(f"[BT] Bleak scan found {len(bt)} devices")
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"[BT] hcitool scan error: {e}")
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print(f"[BT] Bleak scan error: {e}")
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bt = []
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# The scanner already does auto-identification if enabled
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